White porcelain made in a fixed kiln. However, there are also tile and ceramic bodies. Generally speaking, Hakutei and Puntei are the same thing with different names.
See the section on “Teiyo. However, almost all of the thin white Ding ware in the de-waxed style does not seem to have originated from the Ding kilns of the Song dynasty, but rather was imitated in Jingdezhen after the Southern Song dynasty. According to the Jingdezhen Pottery Record, Jingdezhen has had a kiln specializing in the firing of white Ding ware since the Ming dynasty, and the potters devoted themselves to imitating white Ding ware, producing many small pieces and toys in addition to bowls, cups, and plates, but the pieces are said to be a mixture of fine and poor. The Yongzheng period (1723-35) saw the production of particularly excellent wares. In addition, there were many pieces copied by the master potters of Zhou Danquan and other private kilns during the Longqing and Wanli dynasties (1567-1619).
White mud: A clay that contains relatively less iron oxide and is more plastic than the raw material for vermilion mud. Stoneware fired at almost the same temperature as vermilion or purple mud will generally be lighter in color than stoneware made from iron oxide-rich clay, and will usually be pale yellow or pale gray, although the color will vary somewhat depending on the nature of the fire in the kiln. Products made from iron oxide-rich clay are called vermilion mud or purple mud, while those that are light in color as described above are called white mud. The name “white mud” is probably derived from the fact that the color is not pure white, but is whiter than vermilion or purple mud. In the case of Ise Banko-yaki, the clay used to make Ise Banko-yaki that is somewhat rat-white in color is called shiro-bunko, which refers to white mud. Tokoname ware is not usually called Shiro Tokoname, but it is sometimes found among the products.
