A pattern painted with gold, i.e., a pattern made of burnished gold or painted gold. The Chinese practice of kinka has been practiced since the Northern Song dynasty (960-1279). The Tenmoku bowl in the Seoul Museum in Seoul, Korea, with a reddish gold design, and the bowl in the Hakone Art Museum, with a blackdish gold design, are two of the oldest examples of this technique. During the Northern Song dynasty, there were also Kakitenmoku bowls of the Giju kiln type, white porcelain bowls of the Ding kiln, and Tenmoku bowls of the Jian kiln, all decorated with flowers, which were known to have been popular among the noblest of taste. The gilt flowers on these bowls were flowers such as peonies, butterflies, birds, and characters such as “Shoushan fukkai” (寿山福海). The gold method of cutting and pasting gold leaf seems to have been generally used. Later, in the Ming dynasty, gold brocade ware, in which gold flowers were added to colored porcelain, became widely produced.
