A ceramic bottle, generally long and narrow with a tight neck, used for storing sake, vinegar, soy sauce, etc. Various characters are used for tokuri. Various characters are applied to it. The following are some examples: tsukuri (得利), tō (運歩色葉集, Yirin hon jūyōshū, Shōgō jikō jūyōshū), fū (群砕録, Mono rui shōkoku), pesu, 罃, 甄 (和漢三才図会), tobi (万宝全書), dokuri (宗長日記), and tōko li (醒酔笑). The term “tokuura” is found in the “Munenaga Nikki” of the Kyoroku period (1528-32), so it must have been coined before that time. The Japanese bookmark “Wajin Shiori” says, “Cloudedness is the righteousness of Guri, and Cloudedness is like a bottle, and Guri is like a rice cake. The Daigonghae (Sea of Words) says, “The name is derived from the sound of sake coming out of the bottle. The “Joseon Ceramic Name Review” says, “In Joseon, a jar is called ‘to’ and a vessel (a somewhat hard tile vessel) is called ‘tteok-ru,’ so ‘tok-ri’ may be a corruption of the Joseon sound. According to a popular belief, the word “tok-ri” was derived from the character “deok” because the sound of “bottle” was the same as that of “poor. Tokuri are used to hold various liquids, but their main use is as sake vessels. Tokuri used to be made of tin, but later they were mainly made of porcelain. As the quality of sake improved, it was warmed more and more, and ceramic heating sake cups became more popular. The most famous example is the black-glazed Tokuguri made by Tanba Tachikki-yaki and used at liquor stores in the Kyoto-Osaka region. In Hizen Province (Saga and Nagasaki Prefectures), black-glazed oil tokkuri have existed since the earthenware period.
The most prominent examples are sake tokkuri from Takada (Tajimi City, Gifu Prefecture) and Onada in Mino Province, which were used in Edo and other regions from the Edo period (1603-1867), and spread almost nationwide after the Meiji period (1868-1912). Bizen Ibe sake cups are also known for their robustness, and are said to be “Bizen sake cups that will not break even if thrown. The square sake bottle was also made for sake making. In the “Waka Sansai Zue” (The Three Sages of the Japanese and Chinese Era), it is written, “The Nanjing and Joseon productions are light in clay and do not change their taste, and are second only to those of Bizen Ibe and Hizen Imari. Ceramic tokuri are still called tin in Aizu, Sendai, Mino, Shikoku, and other areas. In the Morisada Manzoku (Morisada Manuscript), it is written, “Kyōsaka gōgō ichirō is made from this tsuzuri, a loaned pottery made in Tamba, and the color is like chestnut skin. Edo gōgō or ichirō is used along with barrels and this pottery, large and small, and is called “poor tokuri” in Japanese. In the Koto Gumyo (Imperial Capital Gumyo), there is a reference to “Hakucho,” which means “a large white bottle of rice wine,” from a “tea” shop. In the “Kanten-mimonminki,” “When I was a child, I used to use only iron choshi (sake bottle) and lacquered sake cups as drinking vessels, but from some time ago, the sake bottle was replaced by a dyed porcelain sake bottle, and the sake cup changed to a sake cup, and I could drink only with earthenware. In recent years, only the Shikisho use choshi (sake bottle) for heating sake, while the Daimyo (feudal lords) also use choshi (sake bottle) for heating sake, and after the first or third round of serving, they use tokuri (sake bottle) exclusively. The lords also used it for short periods of time, and it was often used in Kyōsaka as well, so it should be used exclusively in Kyōsaka. Sake vessels are designed in various ways according to their nature. Chinese sake cups are a mixture of barrels and sake cups, and sake cups and sake cups. The shape of the sake cups varied widely, and the bearded sake cups made by Japanese connoisseurs were copied from the Dutch tradition, and can be found in Kyoto’s Kigome and Dohachi, Sanggama Dohachi, Taishu kilns, and elsewhere. Duck-shaped duck-shaped cups are particularly well known from Kosugi ware in Echigoku (Toyama Prefecture), but they can be found in many places along with pigeon-shaped cups of the same form. There are also various other types of Tokutoshi, such as Shojo Tokutoshi, Ukitokutoshi, and Yushitokutoshi. The aburi heating system of Banko-yaki and other types of pottery has a rounded bottom and is inserted inside the bottle. In recent years, many European-style tokkuri have been made in the style of Italian and Greek vases.
